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                <h1 id="Ansible简介"><a href="#Ansible简介" class="headerlink" title="Ansible简介"></a>Ansible简介</h1>
                <p> Ansible是由Python开发的一个运维工具，因为工作需要接触到Ansible，经常会集成一些东西到Ansible，所以对Ansible的了解越来越多。 那Ansible到底是什么呢？在我的理解中，原来需要登录到服务器上，然后执行一堆命令才能完成一些操作。而Ansible就是来代替我们去执行那些命令。并且可以通过Ansible控制多台机器，在机器上进行任务的编排和执行，在Ansible中称为playbook。 那Ansible是如何做到的呢？简单点说，就是Ansible将我们要执行的命令生成一个脚本，然后通过sftp将脚本上传到要执行命令的服务器上，然后在通过ssh协议，执行这个脚本并将执行结果返回。 那Ansible具体是怎么做到的呢？下面从模块和插件来看一下Ansible是如何完成一个模块的执行 PS：下面的分析都是在对Ansible有一些具体使用经验之后，通过阅读源代码进一步得出的执行结论，所以希望在看本文时，是建立在对Ansible有一定了解的基础上，最起码对于Ansible的一些概念有了解，例如inventory，module，playbooks等 </p>
                <h1 id="Ansible模块"><a href="#Ansible模块" class="headerlink" title="Ansible模块"></a>Ansible模块</h1>
                <p> 模块是Ansible执行的最小单位，可以是由Python编写，也可以是Shell编写，也可以是由其他语言编写。模块中定义了具体的操作步骤以及实际使用过程中所需要的参数 执行的脚本就是根据模块生成一个可执行的脚本。 那Ansible是怎么样将这个脚本上传到服务器上，然后执行获取结果的呢？ </p>
                <h1 id="Ansible插件"><a href="#Ansible插件" class="headerlink" title="Ansible插件"></a>Ansible插件</h1>
                <h2 id="connection插件"><a href="#connection插件" class="headerlink" title="connection插件"></a><strong>connection插件</strong></h2>
                <p>连接插件，根据指定的ssh参数连接指定的服务器，并切提供实际执行命令的接口</p>
                <h2 id="shell插件"><a href="#shell插件" class="headerlink" title="shell插件"></a><strong>shell插件</strong></h2>
                <p>命令插件，根据sh类型，来生成用于connection时要执行的命令</p>
                <h2 id="strategy插件"><a href="#strategy插件" class="headerlink" title="strategy插件"></a><strong>strategy插件</strong></h2>
                <p>执行策略插件，默认情况下是线性插件，就是一个任务接着一个任务的向下执行，此插件将任务丢到执行器去执行。</p>
                <h2 id="action插件"><a href="#action插件" class="headerlink" title="action插件"></a><strong>action插件</strong></h2>
                <p>动作插件，实质就是任务模块的所有动作，如果ansible的模块没有特别编写的action插件，默认情况下是normal或者async（这两个根据模块是否async来选择），normal和async中定义的就是模块的执行步骤。例如，本地创建临时文件，上传临时文件，执行脚本，删除脚本等等，如果想在所有的模块中增加一些特殊步骤，可以通过增加action插件的方式来扩展。 </p>
                <h1 id="Ansible执行模块流程"><a href="#Ansible执行模块流程" class="headerlink" title="Ansible执行模块流程"></a>Ansible执行模块流程</h1>
                <ol>
                  <li>ansible命令实质是通过ansible/cli/adhoc.py来运行，同时会收集参数信息<ol>
                      <li>设置Play信息，然后通过TaskQueueManager进行run，</li>
                      <li>TaskQueueManager需要Inventory(节点仓库)，variable_manager(收集变量),options(命令行中指定的参数),stdout_callback(回调函数)</li>
                    </ol>
                  </li>
                  <li>在task_queue_manager.py中找到run中<ol>
                      <li>初始化时会设置队列</li>
                      <li>会根据options，，variable_manager，passwords等信息设置成一个PlayContext信息(playbooks/playcontext.py)</li>
                      <li>设置插件(plugins)信息callback_loader(回调), strategy_loader(执行策略), module_loader(任务模块)</li>
                      <li>通过strategy_loader（strategy插件）的run（默认的strategy类型是linear，线性执行），去按照顺序执行所有的任务（执行一个模块，可能会执行多个任务）</li>
                      <li>在strategy_loader插件run之后，会判断action类型。如果是meta类型的话会单独执行(不是具体的ansible模块时)，而其他模块时，会加载到队列_queue_task</li>
                      <li>在队列中会调用WorkerProcess去处理，在workerproces实际的run之后，会使用TaskExecutor进行执行</li>
                      <li>在TaskExecutor中会设置connection插件，并且根据task的类型（模块。或是include等）获取action插件，就是对应的模块，如果模块有自定义的执行，则会执行自定义的action，如果没有的会使用normal或者async，这个是根据是否是任务的async属性来决定</li>
                      <li>在Action插件中定义着执行的顺序，及具体操作，例如生成临时目录，生成临时脚本，所以要在统一的模式下，集成一些额外的处理时，可以重写Action的方法</li>
                      <li>通过Connection插件来执行Action的各个操作步骤</li>
                    </ol>
                  </li>
                </ol>
                <h1 id="扩展Ansible实例"><a href="#扩展Ansible实例" class="headerlink" title="扩展Ansible实例"></a>扩展Ansible实例</h1>
                <h2 id="执行节点Python环境扩展"><a href="#执行节点Python环境扩展" class="headerlink" title="执行节点Python环境扩展"></a>执行节点Python环境扩展</h2>
                <p>实际需求中，我们扩展的一些Ansible模块需要使用三方库，但每个节点中安装这些库有些不易于管理。ansible执行模块的实质就是在节点的python环境下执行生成的脚本，所以我们采取的方案是，指定节点上的Python环境，将局域网内一个python环境作为<strong>nfs</strong>共享。通过扩展Action插件，增加节点上挂载nfs，待执行结束后再将节点上的nfs卸载。具体实施步骤如下： 扩展代码：</p>
                <p>重写ActionBase的execute_module方法</p>
                <figure class="highlight python">
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                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># execute_module</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> __future__ <span class="keyword">import</span> (absolute_import, division, print_function)</span><br><span class="line">__metaclass__ = type</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> json</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pipes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> ansible.compat.six <span class="keyword">import</span> text_type, iteritems</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> ansible <span class="keyword">import</span> constants <span class="keyword">as</span> C</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> ansible.errors <span class="keyword">import</span> AnsibleError</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> ansible.release <span class="keyword">import</span> __version__</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">from</span> __main__ <span class="keyword">import</span> display</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">except</span> ImportError:</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">from</span> ansible.utils.display <span class="keyword">import</span> Display</span><br><span class="line">    display = Display()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">MagicStackBase</span><span class="params">(object)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">_mount_nfs</span><span class="params">(self, ansible_nfs_src, ansible_nfs_dest)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        cmd = [<span class="string">'mount'</span>,ansible_nfs_src, ansible_nfs_dest]</span><br><span class="line">        cmd = [pipes.quote(c) <span class="keyword">for</span> c <span class="keyword">in</span> cmd]</span><br><span class="line">        cmd = <span class="string">' '</span>.join(cmd)</span><br><span class="line">        result = self._low_level_execute_command(cmd=cmd, sudoable=<span class="literal">True</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> result</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">_umount_nfs</span><span class="params">(self, ansible_nfs_dest)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        cmd = [<span class="string">'umount'</span>, ansible_nfs_dest]</span><br><span class="line">        cmd = [pipes.quote(c) <span class="keyword">for</span> c <span class="keyword">in</span> cmd]</span><br><span class="line">        cmd = <span class="string">' '</span>.join(cmd)</span><br><span class="line">        result = self._low_level_execute_command(cmd=cmd, sudoable=<span class="literal">True</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> result</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">_execute_module</span><span class="params">(self, module_name=None, module_args=None, tmp=None, task_vars=None, persist_files=False, delete_remote_tmp=True)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        Transfer and run a module along with its arguments.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        '''</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># display.v(task_vars)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> task_vars <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="literal">None</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            task_vars = dict()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># if a module name was not specified for this execution, use</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># the action from the task</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> module_name <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="literal">None</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            module_name = self._task.action</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> module_args <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="literal">None</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            module_args = self._task.args</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># set check mode in the module arguments, if required</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> self._play_context.check_mode:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> self._supports_check_mode:</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">raise</span> AnsibleError(<span class="string">"check mode is not supported for this operation"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_check_mode'</span>] = <span class="literal">True</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_check_mode'</span>] = <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># Get the connection user for permission checks</span></span><br><span class="line">        remote_user = task_vars.get(<span class="string">'ansible_ssh_user'</span>) <span class="keyword">or</span> self._play_context.remote_user</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># set no log in the module arguments, if required</span></span><br><span class="line">        module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_no_log'</span>] = self._play_context.no_log <span class="keyword">or</span> C.DEFAULT_NO_TARGET_SYSLOG</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># set debug in the module arguments, if required</span></span><br><span class="line">        module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_debug'</span>] = C.DEFAULT_DEBUG</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># let module know we are in diff mode</span></span><br><span class="line">        module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_diff'</span>] = self._play_context.diff</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># let module know our verbosity</span></span><br><span class="line">        module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_verbosity'</span>] = display.verbosity</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># give the module information about the ansible version</span></span><br><span class="line">        module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_version'</span>] = __version__</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># set the syslog facility to be used in the module</span></span><br><span class="line">        module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_syslog_facility'</span>] = task_vars.get(<span class="string">'ansible_syslog_facility'</span>, C.DEFAULT_SYSLOG_FACILITY)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># let module know about filesystems that selinux treats specially</span></span><br><span class="line">        module_args[<span class="string">'_ansible_selinux_special_fs'</span>] = C.DEFAULT_SELINUX_SPECIAL_FS</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        (module_style, shebang, module_data) = self._configure_module(module_name=module_name, module_args=module_args, task_vars=task_vars)</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> shebang:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">raise</span> AnsibleError(<span class="string">"module (%s) is missing interpreter line"</span> % module_name)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># get nfs info for mount python packages</span></span><br><span class="line">        ansible_nfs_src = task_vars.get(<span class="string">"ansible_nfs_src"</span>, <span class="literal">None</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        ansible_nfs_dest = task_vars.get(<span class="string">"ansible_nfs_dest"</span>, <span class="literal">None</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># a remote tmp path may be necessary and not already created</span></span><br><span class="line">        remote_module_path = <span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line">        args_file_path = <span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> tmp <span class="keyword">and</span> self._late_needs_tmp_path(tmp, module_style):</span><br><span class="line">            tmp = self._make_tmp_path(remote_user)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> tmp:</span><br><span class="line">            remote_module_filename = self._connection._shell.get_remote_filename(module_name)</span><br><span class="line">            remote_module_path = self._connection._shell.join_path(tmp, remote_module_filename)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> module_style <span class="keyword">in</span> [<span class="string">'old'</span>, <span class="string">'non_native_want_json'</span>]:</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># we'll also need a temp file to hold our module arguments</span></span><br><span class="line">                args_file_path = self._connection._shell.join_path(tmp, <span class="string">'args'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> remote_module_path <span class="keyword">or</span> module_style != <span class="string">'new'</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            display.debug(<span class="string">"transferring module to remote"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            self._transfer_data(remote_module_path, module_data)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> module_style == <span class="string">'old'</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># we need to dump the module args to a k=v string in a file on</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># the remote system, which can be read and parsed by the module</span></span><br><span class="line">                args_data = <span class="string">""</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">for</span> k,v <span class="keyword">in</span> iteritems(module_args):</span><br><span class="line">                    args_data += <span class="string">'%s=%s '</span> % (k, pipes.quote(text_type(v)))</span><br><span class="line">                self._transfer_data(args_file_path, args_data)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">elif</span> module_style == <span class="string">'non_native_want_json'</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                self._transfer_data(args_file_path, json.dumps(module_args))</span><br><span class="line">            display.debug(<span class="string">"done transferring module to remote"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        environment_string = self._compute_environment_string()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        remote_files = <span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> args_file_path:</span><br><span class="line">            remote_files = tmp, remote_module_path, args_file_path</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">elif</span> remote_module_path:</span><br><span class="line">            remote_files = tmp, remote_module_path</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># Fix permissions of the tmp path and tmp files.  This should be</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># called after all files have been transferred.</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> remote_files:</span><br><span class="line">            self._fixup_perms2(remote_files, remote_user)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># mount nfs</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> ansible_nfs_src <span class="keyword">and</span> ansible_nfs_dest:</span><br><span class="line">            result = self._mount_nfs(ansible_nfs_src, ansible_nfs_dest)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> result[<span class="string">'rc'</span>] != <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">raise</span> AnsibleError(<span class="string">"mount nfs failed!!! &#123;0&#125;"</span>.format(result[<span class="string">'stderr'</span>]))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        cmd = <span class="string">""</span></span><br><span class="line">        in_data = <span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> self._connection.has_pipelining <span class="keyword">and</span> self._play_context.pipelining <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> C.DEFAULT_KEEP_REMOTE_FILES <span class="keyword">and</span> module_style == <span class="string">'new'</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            in_data = module_data</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> remote_module_path:</span><br><span class="line">                cmd = remote_module_path</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        rm_tmp = <span class="literal">None</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> tmp <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="string">"tmp"</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> tmp <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> C.DEFAULT_KEEP_REMOTE_FILES <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> persist_files <span class="keyword">and</span> delete_remote_tmp:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> self._play_context.become <span class="keyword">or</span> self._play_context.become_user == <span class="string">'root'</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># not sudoing or sudoing to root, so can cleanup files in the same step</span></span><br><span class="line">                rm_tmp = tmp</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        cmd = self._connection._shell.build_module_command(environment_string, shebang, cmd, arg_path=args_file_path, rm_tmp=rm_tmp)</span><br><span class="line">        cmd = cmd.strip()</span><br><span class="line">        sudoable = <span class="literal">True</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> module_name == <span class="string">"accelerate"</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment"># always run the accelerate module as the user</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment"># specified in the play, not the sudo_user</span></span><br><span class="line">            sudoable = <span class="literal">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        res = self._low_level_execute_command(cmd, sudoable=sudoable, in_data=in_data)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># umount nfs</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> ansible_nfs_src <span class="keyword">and</span> ansible_nfs_dest:</span><br><span class="line">            result = self._umount_nfs(ansible_nfs_dest)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> result[<span class="string">'rc'</span>] != <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">raise</span> AnsibleError(<span class="string">"umount nfs failed!!! &#123;0&#125;"</span>.format(result[<span class="string">'stderr'</span>]))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> tmp <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="string">"tmp"</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> tmp <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> C.DEFAULT_KEEP_REMOTE_FILES <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> persist_files <span class="keyword">and</span> delete_remote_tmp:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> self._play_context.become <span class="keyword">and</span> self._play_context.become_user != <span class="string">'root'</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># not sudoing to root, so maybe can't delete files as that other user</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment"># have to clean up temp files as original user in a second step</span></span><br><span class="line">                tmp_rm_cmd = self._connection._shell.remove(tmp, recurse=<span class="literal">True</span>)</span><br><span class="line">                tmp_rm_res = self._low_level_execute_command(tmp_rm_cmd, sudoable=<span class="literal">False</span>)</span><br><span class="line">                tmp_rm_data = self._parse_returned_data(tmp_rm_res)</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> tmp_rm_data.get(<span class="string">'rc'</span>, <span class="number">0</span>) != <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line">                    display.warning(<span class="string">'Error deleting remote temporary files (rc: &#123;0&#125;, stderr: &#123;1&#125;)'</span>.format(tmp_rm_res.get(<span class="string">'rc'</span>), tmp_rm_res.get(<span class="string">'stderr'</span>, <span class="string">'No error string available.'</span>)))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># parse the main result</span></span><br><span class="line">        data = self._parse_returned_data(res)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># pre-split stdout into lines, if stdout is in the data and there</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment"># isn't already a stdout_lines value there</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="string">'stdout'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> data <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="string">'stdout_lines'</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> data:</span><br><span class="line">            data[<span class="string">'stdout_lines'</span>] = data.get(<span class="string">'stdout'</span>, <span class="string">u''</span>).splitlines()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        display.debug(<span class="string">"done with _execute_module (%s, %s)"</span> % (module_name, module_args))</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> data</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <p>集成到normal.py和async.py中，记住要将这两个插件在ansible.cfg中进行配置</p>
                <figure class="highlight routeros">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function)</span><br><span class="line">__metaclass__ = type</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> ansible.plugins.action import ActionBase</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> ansible.utils.vars import merge_hash</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> common.ansible_plugins import MagicStackBase</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">class ActionModule(MagicStackBase, ActionBase):</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    def <span class="builtin-name">run</span>(self, <span class="attribute">tmp</span>=None, <span class="attribute">task_vars</span>=None):</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> task_vars is None:</span><br><span class="line">            task_vars = dict()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        results = super(ActionModule, self).<span class="builtin-name">run</span>(tmp, task_vars)</span><br><span class="line">        # <span class="builtin-name">remove</span> as modules might hide due <span class="keyword">to</span> nolog</span><br><span class="line">        del results[<span class="string">'invocation'</span>][<span class="string">'module_args'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">        results = merge_hash(results, self._execute_module(<span class="attribute">tmp</span>=tmp, <span class="attribute">task_vars</span>=task_vars))</span><br><span class="line">        # <span class="builtin-name">Remove</span> special fields <span class="keyword">from</span> the result, which can only be set</span><br><span class="line">        # internally by the executor engine. We <span class="keyword">do</span> this only here <span class="keyword">in</span></span><br><span class="line">        # the <span class="string">'normal'</span> action, as other action plugins may <span class="builtin-name">set</span> this.</span><br><span class="line">        #</span><br><span class="line">        # We don<span class="string">'t want modules to determine that running the module fires</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        # notify handlers.  That'</span>s <span class="keyword">for</span> the playbook <span class="keyword">to</span> decide.</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> field <span class="keyword">in</span> (<span class="string">'_ansible_notify'</span>,):</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> field <span class="keyword">in</span> results:</span><br><span class="line">                results.pop(field)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        return results</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </table>
                </figure>
                <ul>
                  <li>配置ansible.cfg，将扩展的插件指定为ansible需要的action插件</li>
                  <li>重写插件方法，重点是execute_module</li>
                  <li>执行命令中需要指定Python环境，将需要的参数添加进去nfs挂载和卸载的参数</li>
                </ul>
                <figure class="highlight stylus">
                  <table>
                    <tr>
                      <td class="gutter">
                        <pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre>
                      </td>
                      <td class="code">
                        <pre><span class="line">ansible <span class="number">51</span> -m mysql_db -<span class="selector-tag">a</span> <span class="string">"state=dump name=all target=/tmp/test.sql"</span> -<span class="selector-tag">i</span> hosts -u root -v -e <span class="string">"ansible_nfs_src=172.16.30.170:/web/proxy_env/lib64/python2.7/site-packages ansible_nfs_dest=/root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.10/lib/python2.7/site-packages ansible_python_interpreter=/root/.pyenv/versions/2.7.10/bin/python"</span></span><br></pre>
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